INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE (IOP) & GLAUCOMA

Glaucoma is a complex eye disease in which gradual damage to optic nerve can lead to complete vision loss. In some cases, it happens as a result of increase in Intraocular Pressure (IOP) inside the eyes.

The normal eye pressure ranges from 12 to 22 mm Hg. If the pressure is higher than 22, it is considered to be an increased eye pressure. If the IOP is higher than the normal and the person does not show signs of glaucoma, this medical condition is known as ocular hypertension. However, high eye pressure alone does not cause Glaucoma, but, it is a significant risk factor.

There are two different types of glaucoma:

Ø  Angle Closure

Ø  Open Angle

Angle Closure is less common as compared to Open Angle Glaucoma, but it causes more vision loss if not treated properly on time. It occurs when iris blocks water movement out of the eye, enhancing the eye pressure (IOP). The ultimate treatment for this disease is “Iridotomy” in which a hole is made within the iris with the help of laser surgery in order to avoid blocking of water movement.

The older persons ranging above 60 are at an acute risk of developing angle closure glaucoma. It affects women 50% more often than men possibly because of smaller eyes.

Early detection through regular eye exams play a vital role in protecting one`s vision from damage caused by glaucoma. These tests include Tonometry, Gonioscopy, Perimetry, Opthalmoscopy and Pachymetry.

“The Open Ophthalmology Journal” is one of Bentham Science Publishers Open Access online journal, which publishes research articles, reviews, letters and guest edited single topic issues in all areas of experimental and clinical research in ophthalmology and vision science.